What are Bases?
Bases, according to this genius guy named Arrhenius (yes, they rhyme), is a substance that releases hydroxide (OH−) ions. These substances react to acids to give salt and water only. All metal oxides and hydroxides can act as bases. Here are some examples of bases:
Extra bits: Not all metal oxides and hydroxides are alkalis. This is because not all of them are soluble, a property of alkalis.
Here are the properties pertaining to ALL bases:
1. They turn red litmus paper blue; and on blue litmus paper the paper remains blue
2. They have a bitter taste and soapy feel
3. They react with acids to form salt and water only
4. When heated up with an ammonium salt, ammonia gas is produced
5. Strong bases can dissolve in water to form solutions that can conduct electricity
Soluble bases, which are also strong bases, are called alkalis.
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